TYPECASTING AND REFERENCE VARIABLE

 We know that our program gave precedence to local variable 

so to print the value of Global variable we use Scope Resolution Operator.

ex -> cout<< : : c; // c is the name of Global variable.

REFERERENE VARIABLE

Reference variable is defined as another name for already existing variable.

Ex-> float x = 455;

         float &y = x;

so if we will print the value of x and y ans will be 455.

TYPECASTING

Converting one data type into another data type is known as typecasting.

ex-> int f = 45;

float g = 45.37;

cout<<(float)f<<endl;

cout<<(int)g<<endl;

And also we can give the value of one intiger to new intiger in our program.

int h = int(g);

                                                SOURCE CODE

//TYPECASTING AND REFERENCE VARIABLE IN C++.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//******BUILT IN DATA TYPES******

int c = 37; //This is a Global variable..

 int main()

 {

     cout<<"___BUILT IN DATA TYPES___"<<endl;

    int a, b, c ;

    cout<<"enter the value of a = "<<endl;

cin>> a;

    cout<<"enter the value of b = "<<endl;

cin>> b;    

    c = a + b; //we know that it is our Arithmatical operator.

    cout<<"the sum is = "<<c <<endl ;

    cout<<"the value of global variable is = "<<::c <<endl;

//to print the value of GLOBAL VARIABLE we use Scope Resolution operators..(<<:: )...

    cout<< "******FLOAT,DOUBLE AND LONG DOUBLE LITERALS******"<<endl;

    float d = 34.4;

    long double e = 34.4;

    34.4 ;//By default decimal waala literal hammare program mai double hotta hai..

    //to agar hm specify krna chate hai ki ye number fLOAT hai to hm (f)/(F) lagate

    //hain number ke baad...

    34.4f;  // ab ye number as a float pass hogga...

    34.4F;

    34.4l; //agar hm (l)/(L) lagay to wo decimal as a Long double pass hogga..

    34.4L;

    cout<<"the value of d is = "<<d <<endl <<"the value of e is = "<<e <<endl;

cout<<"******REFERENCE VARIABLES******"<<endl;

cout<<"ek Admi hai uska naam AYUSH hai ->ghr mai usse JUNGADI bulate hain and wo khud ko AYU bulata hai.."<<endl;

//AYUSH ----> JUNGADI ----> AYU ....

float x = 455; //same upper ki tarha ye variable bhi ak he haai so hamme x and y

float & y = x;//variable bs naam alag ho gay value ak he hai..

cout<<x <<endl;

cout<<y <<endl;

cout<<"****TYPECASTING****"<<endl;//used to interchange DATA TYPES.

int f = 45;

float g = 45.37;

cout<<"the value of f is = "<<(float)f<<endl;

cout<<"the value of g is = "<<int(g)<<endl;

cout<<"the value of f + g = "<<f+g<<endl;

cout<<"the value of f + int(g) = "<<f+int(g)<<endl;

cout<<"the value of f + (int)g = "<<f+(int)g<<endl;

int h = int(g);//this type we are able to put value of int g in h..

cout<<"The vaue of h is : "<<h<<endl ;

    return 0;

   

 }

//  OUTPUT

// ___BUILT IN DATA TYPES___

// enter the value of a =

// 3

// enter the value of b =

// 33

// the sum is = 36

// the value of global variable is = 37

// ******FLOAT,DOUBLE AND LONG DOUBLE LITERALS******

// the value of d is = 34.4

// the value of e is = 34.4

// ******REFERENCE VARIABLES******

// ek Admi hai uska naam AYUSH hai ->ghr mai usse JUNGADI bulate hain and wo khud ko AYU bulata hai..

// 455

// 455

// ****TYPECASTING****

// the value of f is = 45

// the value of g is = 45

// the value of f + g = 90.37

// the value of f + int(g) = 90

// the value of f + (int)g = 90

// The vaue of h is : 45